Cell type atlas - MARS - The Human Protein Atlas

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MARS

SUMMARY

TISSUE

CELL TYPE

PATHOLOGY

BRAIN

BLOOD

CELL

GENERAL INFORMATIONⁱ General description of the gene and the encoded protein(s) using information from HGNC and Ensembl, as well as predictions made by the Human Protein Atlas project.
Gene nameⁱ Official gene symbol, which is typically a short form of the gene name, according to HGNC.	MARS
Gene descriptionⁱ Full gene name according to HGNC.	Methionyl-tRNA synthetase
Protein classⁱ Assigned HPA protein class(es) for the encoded protein(s). Read more	Disease related genes Enzymes Potential drug targets
Predicted locationⁱ All transcripts of all genes have been analyzed regarding the location(s) of corresponding protein based on prediction methods for signal peptides and transmembrane regions. Genes with at least one transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, according to prediction methods or to UniProt location data, have been further annotated and classified with the aim to determine if the corresponding protein(s) are secreted or actually retained in intracellular locations or membrane-attached. Remaining genes, with no transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, will be assigned the prediction-based location(s). The annotated location overrules the predicted location, so that a gene encoding a predicted secreted protein that has been annotated as intracellular will have intracellular as the final location. Read more	Intracellular,Membrane
Number of transcriptsⁱ Number of protein-coding transcripts from the gene as defined by Ensembl.	8

HUMAN PROTEIN ATLAS INFORMATIONⁱ Summary of RNA expression and protein localization based on data generated within the Human Protein Atlas project.
Single cell type specificityⁱ The RNA specificity category is based on mRNA expression levels in the analyzed cell types based on scRNA-seq data from normal tissues. The categories include: cell type enriched, group enriched, cell type enhanced, low cell type specificity and not detected. Read more	Low cell type specificity
Blood cell specificityⁱ The RNA specificity category is based on mRNA expression levels in the analyzed samples based on data from HPA. The categories include: cell type enriched, group enriched, cell type enhanced, low cell type specificity and not detected. Read more	Low cell type specificity
Blood cell distributionⁱ The RNA distribution category is based on mRNA expression levels in the analyzed samples based on data from HPA. The categories include: detected in all, detected in many, detected in some, detected in single and not detected. Read more	Detected in all
Cell line specificityⁱ RNA specificity category based on RNA sequencing data from all cell lines in the Human Protein Atlas. Genes are classified into six different categories (enriched, group enriched, enhanced, low specificity and not detected) according to their RNA expression levels across the panel of cell lines.	Cell line enhanced (RH-30)
Cell line distributionⁱ RNA distribution category based on RNA sequencing data from all cell lines in the Human Protein Atlas. Genes are classified into five different categories (detected in all, detected in many, detected in some, detected in single and not detected) according to their pattern of detected RNA expression across the panel of cell lines.	Detected in all
Protein evidenceⁱ Evidence score for genes based on UniProt protein existence (UniProt evidence); a Human Protein Atlas antibody- or RNA based score (HPA evidence); and evidence based on PeptideAtlas (MS evidence). The avaliable scores are evidence at protein level, evidence at transcript level, no evidence, or not avaliable. Read more	Evidence at protein level

SINGLE CELL TYPESⁱ A summary of single cell RNA (NX) from all single cell types. Color-coding is based on cell type groups, each consisting of cell types with functional features in common.
Single cell types Group Expression Alphabetical RNA single cell type specificity: Low cell type specificity

SINGLE CELL TISSUESⁱ Single cell RNA in cell types from tissue are shown separately for each analyzed tissue. For easier navigation across tissues, use the grey browser on the left side of the window. Barchart shows pTPM levels in each cluster of single cells. To the left, a UMAP plot illustrates the RNA expression profile. The tissue name and plots are clickable and redirect to a more detailed interactive page. Color-coding is based on cell type groups, each consisting of cell types with functional features in common. Please note that the same cell type may be found in several clusters.
Cluster Expression Alphabetical Colon
Cluster Expression Alphabetical Eye
Cluster Expression Alphabetical Heart muscle
Cluster Expression Alphabetical Kidney
Cluster Expression Alphabetical Liver
Cluster Expression Alphabetical Lung
Cluster Expression Alphabetical Pancreas
Cluster Expression Alphabetical Placenta
Cluster Expression Alphabetical Prostate
Cluster Expression Alphabetical Rectum
Cluster Expression Alphabetical Skin
Cluster Expression Alphabetical Small intestine
Cluster Expression Alphabetical Testis

BLOODⁱ

Single cell data

Cluster

Expression

Alphabetical

PBMC

Flow sorted data

Lineage

Expression

Alphabetical

CELL LINESⁱ RNA expression data (NX) of tissue culture cell lines.The analyzed cell lines are divided into 16 color-coded groups according to the organ they were obtained from. Detailed information about a specific cell line is revealed by hovering over the corresponding bar in the chart. The chart is clickable and redirects to more Cell Atlas data. Read more
Organ Expression Alphabetical

Alveolar cells type 1	36 NX
Lung	36 NX

Alveolar cells type 2	23 NX
Lung	23 NX

B-cells	30 NX
Liver	34 NX
Kidney	31 NX
Colon	28 NX

Basal glandular cells	16 NX
Prostate	16 NX

Basal keratinocytes	17 NX
Skin	17 NX

Bipolar cells	15 NX
Eye	15 NX

Cardiomyocytes	10 NX
Heart muscle	10 NX

Cholangiocytes	13 NX
Liver	13 NX

Ciliated cells	28 NX
Lung	28 NX

Club cells	30 NX
Lung	30 NX

Collecting duct cells	17 NX
Kidney	17 NX

Cone photoreceptor cells	31 NX
Eye	31 NX

Cytotrophoblasts	25 NX
Placenta	25 NX

Distal tubular cells	5 NX
Kidney	5 NX

Ductal cells	32 NX
Pancreas	32 NX

Early spermatids	19 NX
Testis	19 NX

Endothelial cells	14 NX
Pancreas	32 NX
Lung	32 NX
Prostate	22 NX
Testis	16 NX
Placenta	16 NX
Skin	12 NX
Eye	11 NX
Liver	9 NX
Heart muscle	9 NX

Enterocytes	11 NX
Colon	17 NX
Rectum	9 NX
Small intestine	8 NX

Erythroid cells	0 NX
Liver	0 NX

Exocrine glandular cells	40 NX
Pancreas	40 NX

Extravillous trophoblasts	19 NX
Placenta	19 NX

Fibroblasts	16 NX
Lung	40 NX
Placenta	25 NX
Prostate	15 NX
Skin	12 NX
Heart muscle	12 NX

Glandular cells	18 NX
Prostate	18 NX

Granulocytes	27 NX
Lung	44 NX
Colon	9 NX

Hepatocytes	11 NX
Liver	11 NX

Hofbauer cells	17 NX
Placenta	17 NX

Horizontal cells	6 NX
Eye	6 NX

Intestinal endocrine cells	15 NX
Rectum	19 NX
Colon	10 NX

Ito cells	8 NX
Liver	8 NX

Kupffer cells	12 NX
Liver	12 NX

Late spermatids	7 NX
Testis	7 NX

Leydig cells	12 NX
Testis	12 NX

Macrophages	23 NX
Lung	44 NX
Pancreas	35 NX
Testis	22 NX
Skin	19 NX
Kidney	17 NX
Prostate	15 NX

Melanocytes	3 NX
Skin	3 NX

Mixed cell types	NX
Pancreas	NX

Mixed immune cells	NX
Heart muscle	NX

Monocytes	33 NX
Pancreas	33 NX

Mucus-secreting cells	10 NX
Colon	30 NX
Small intestine	10 NX
Rectum	9 NX

Muller glia cells	12 NX
Eye	12 NX

Pancreatic endocrine cells	34 NX
Pancreas	34 NX

Paneth cells	14 NX
Small intestine	14 NX
Colon	14 NX
Rectum	8 NX

Peritubular cells	14 NX
Testis	14 NX

Proximal tubular cells	10 NX
Kidney	10 NX

Rod photoreceptor cells	29 NX
Eye	29 NX

Sertoli cells	13 NX
Testis	13 NX

Smooth muscle cells	18 NX
Pancreas	59 NX
Prostate	21 NX
Heart muscle	13 NX
Skin	12 NX

Spermatocytes	33 NX
Testis	33 NX

Spermatogonia	34 NX
Testis	34 NX

Suprabasal keratinocytes	14 NX
Skin	14 NX

Syncytiotrophoblasts	32 NX
Placenta	32 NX

T-cells	20 NX
Prostate	44 NX
Lung	42 NX
Colon	28 NX
Skin	20 NX
Kidney	19 NX
Liver	14 NX

Undifferentiated cells	10 NX
Colon	18 NX
Small intestine	8 NX
Rectum	7 NX

Urothelial cells	23 NX
Prostate	23 NX

Contact

contact@proteinatlas.org

The Project

The Human Protein Atlas

The Human Protein Atlas project is funded
by the Knut & Alice Wallenberg Foundation.