The Metabolic Atlas

The Metabolic Atlas portion of the Tissue Atlas enables exploration of protein function and tissue-specific gene expression in the context of the human metabolic network. For proteins involved in metabolism, a metabolic summary is provided that describes the metabolic subsystems/pathways, cellular compartments, and number of reactions associated with the protein. Over 120 manually curated metabolic pathway maps facilitate the visualization of each protein's participation in different metabolic processes. Each pathway map is accompanied by a heatmap detailing the mRNA levels across 37 different tissue types for all proteins involved in the metabolic pathway.

METABOLIC MAPS
Maps are organized by individual pathways to facilitate visualization of metabolic areas of interest. Further detail and full cellular compartment maps are available at metabolicatlas.org.
Metabolic subsystem
Histidine metabolism HAL	Pentose phosphate pathway RBKS
Cellular compartment

Table 1. A complete list of the pathways details in the Metabolic Atlas and number of enzymes involved in each pathway.

Pathway	# genes
Acyl-CoA hydrolysis	8
Acylglycerides metabolism	38
Alanine; aspartate and glutamate metabolism	40
Amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism	32
Aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis	21
Androgen metabolism	23
Arachidonic acid metabolism	106
Arginine and proline metabolism	63
Ascorbate and aldarate metabolism	10
Beta oxidation of branched-chain fatty acids (mitochondrial)	10
Beta oxidation of di-unsaturated fatty acids (n-6) (mitochondrial)	16
Beta oxidation of di-unsaturated fatty acids (n-6) (peroxisomal)	11
Beta oxidation of even-chain fatty acids (mitochondrial)	13
Beta oxidation of even-chain fatty acids (peroxisomal)	9
Beta oxidation of odd-chain fatty acids (mitochondrial)	12
Beta oxidation of phytanic acid (peroxisomal)	24
Beta oxidation of poly-unsaturated fatty acids (mitochondrial)	11
Beta oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids (n-7) (mitochondrial)	14
Beta oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids (n-7) (peroxisomal)	9
Beta oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids (n-9) (mitochondrial)	14
Beta oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids (n-9) (peroxisomal)	9
Beta-alanine metabolism	21
Bile acid biosynthesis	99
Bile acid recycling	16
Biopterin metabolism	12
Biotin metabolism	4
Blood group biosynthesis	16
Butanoate metabolism	20
C5-branched dibasic acid metabolism	3
Carnitine shuttle (cytosolic)	3
Carnitine shuttle (endoplasmic reticular)	7
Carnitine shuttle (mitochondrial)	8
Carnitine shuttle (peroxisomal)	7
Cholesterol biosynthesis 1 (Bloch pathway)	21
Cholesterol biosynthesis 2	3
Cholesterol biosynthesis 3 (Kandustch-Russell pathway)	9
Cholesterol metabolism	33
Chondroitin / heparan sulfate biosynthesis	43
Chondroitin sulfate degradation	17
CoA synthesis	2
Cysteine and methionine metabolism	54
Drug metabolism	55
Eicosanoid metabolism	43
Estrogen metabolism	70
Ether lipid metabolism	48
Exchange/demand reactions	3
Fatty acid activation (cytosolic)	17
Fatty acid activation (endoplasmic reticular)	11
Fatty acid biosynthesis	27
Fatty acid biosynthesis (even-chain)	6
Fatty acid biosynthesis (odd-chain)	1
Fatty acid biosynthesis (unsaturated)	15
Fatty acid desaturation (even-chain)	6
Fatty acid desaturation (odd-chain)	2
Fatty acid elongation (even-chain)	15
Fatty acid elongation (odd-chain)	15
Fatty acid oxidation	70
Folate metabolism	21
Formation and hydrolysis of cholesterol esters	4
Fructose and mannose metabolism	37
Galactose metabolism	29
Glucocorticoid biosynthesis	8
Glutathione metabolism	32
Glycerolipid metabolism	68
Glycerophospholipid metabolism	118
Glycine; serine and threonine metabolism	59
Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis	81
Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis-ganglio series	25
Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis-globo series	15
Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis-lacto and neolacto series	27
Glycosphingolipid metabolism	79
Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchor biosynthesis	28
Heme degradation	3
Heme synthesis	2
Heparan sulfate degradation	13
Histidine metabolism	53
Inositol phosphate metabolism	109
Isolated	976
Keratan sulfate biosynthesis	22
Keratan sulfate degradation	13
Leukotriene metabolism	205
Linoleate metabolism	62
Lipoic acid metabolism	4
Lysine metabolism	54
Metabolism of other amino acids	29
Metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450	102
Miscellaneous	99
N-glycan metabolism	69
Nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism	49
Nitrogen metabolism	14
Nucleotide metabolism	160
O-glycan metabolism	33
Omega-3 fatty acid metabolism	53
Omega-6 fatty acid metabolism	39
Oxidative phosphorylation	100
Pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis	15
Pentose and glucuronate interconversions	14
Pentose phosphate pathway	31
Phenylalanine metabolism	3
Phenylalanine; tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis	212
Phosphatidylinositol phosphate metabolism	22
Pool reactions	19
Porphyrin metabolism	21
Propanoate metabolism	45
Prostaglandin biosynthesis	49
Protein assembly	13
Protein degradation	21
Protein modification	207
Purine metabolism	144
Pyrimidine metabolism	76
Pyruvate metabolism	51
Retinol metabolism	127
Riboflavin metabolism	13
ROS detoxification	5
Serotonin and melatonin biosynthesis	55
Sphingolipid metabolism	133
Starch and sucrose metabolism	31
Steroid metabolism	95
Sulfur metabolism	11
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis	15
Thiamine metabolism	6
Transport reactions	605
Triacylglycerol synthesis	25
Tricarboxylic acid cycle and glyoxylate/dicarboxylate metabolism	53
Tryptophan metabolism	24
Tyrosine metabolism	60
Ubiquinone synthesis	3
Urea cycle	1
Valine; leucine; and isoleucine metabolism	74
Vitamin A metabolism	9
Vitamin B12 metabolism	2
Vitamin B2 metabolism	2
Vitamin B6 metabolism	7
Vitamin C metabolism	3
Vitamin D metabolism	10
Vitamin E metabolism	55
Xenobiotics metabolism	28
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METABOLICATLAS.ORG

The metabolic features of the Tissue Atlas are provided by metabolicatlas.org, which provides further detailed biochemical information on over 10,000 reactions, 4,000 metabolites, and 3,000 enzymes involved in human metabolism. Interactive 2D and 3D maps of the metabolic network are provided, and are organized by cellular compartment or metabolic subsystem to facilitate visualization of metabolic areas of interest. A global search functionality allows for advanced filtering, and the same data is available through the API.

The Metabolic Atlas

Metabolic subsystem

Cellular compartment