Cell type atlas - ASS1 - The Human Protein Atlas

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ASS1

SUMMARY

TISSUE

CELL TYPE

PATHOLOGY

BRAIN

BLOOD

CELL

GENERAL INFORMATIONⁱ General description of the gene and the encoded protein(s) using information from HGNC and Ensembl, as well as predictions made by the Human Protein Atlas project.
Gene nameⁱ Official gene symbol, which is typically a short form of the gene name, according to HGNC.	ASS1
Gene descriptionⁱ Full gene name according to HGNC.	Argininosuccinate synthase 1
Protein classⁱ Assigned HPA protein class(es) for the encoded protein(s). Read more	Disease related genes Enzymes Plasma proteins Potential drug targets
Predicted locationⁱ All transcripts of all genes have been analyzed regarding the location(s) of corresponding protein based on prediction methods for signal peptides and transmembrane regions. Genes with at least one transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, according to prediction methods or to UniProt location data, have been further annotated and classified with the aim to determine if the corresponding protein(s) are secreted or actually retained in intracellular locations or membrane-attached. Remaining genes, with no transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, will be assigned the prediction-based location(s). The annotated location overrules the predicted location, so that a gene encoding a predicted secreted protein that has been annotated as intracellular will have intracellular as the final location. Read more	Intracellular
Number of transcriptsⁱ Number of protein-coding transcripts from the gene as defined by Ensembl.	5

HUMAN PROTEIN ATLAS INFORMATIONⁱ Summary of RNA expression and protein localization based on data generated within the Human Protein Atlas project.
Single cell type specificityⁱ The RNA specificity category is based on mRNA expression levels in the analyzed cell types based on scRNA-seq data from normal tissues. The categories include: cell type enriched, group enriched, cell type enhanced, low cell type specificity and not detected. Read more	Cell type enhanced (Proximal tubular cells, Hepatocytes, Enterocytes, Urothelial cells)
Blood cell specificityⁱ The RNA specificity category is based on mRNA expression levels in the analyzed samples based on data from HPA. The categories include: cell type enriched, group enriched, cell type enhanced, low cell type specificity and not detected. Read more	Cell type enriched (plasmacytoid DC)
Blood cell distributionⁱ The RNA distribution category is based on mRNA expression levels in the analyzed samples based on data from HPA. The categories include: detected in all, detected in many, detected in some, detected in single and not detected. Read more	Detected in single
Cell line specificityⁱ RNA specificity category based on RNA sequencing data from all cell lines in the Human Protein Atlas. Genes are classified into six different categories (enriched, group enriched, enhanced, low specificity and not detected) according to their RNA expression levels across the panel of cell lines.	Cell line enhanced (BJ hTERT+, HaCaT, hTCEpi, RPMI-8226, THP-1)
Cell line distributionⁱ RNA distribution category based on RNA sequencing data from all cell lines in the Human Protein Atlas. Genes are classified into five different categories (detected in all, detected in many, detected in some, detected in single and not detected) according to their pattern of detected RNA expression across the panel of cell lines.	Detected in many
Protein evidenceⁱ Evidence score for genes based on UniProt protein existence (UniProt evidence); a Human Protein Atlas antibody- or RNA based score (HPA evidence); and evidence based on PeptideAtlas (MS evidence). The avaliable scores are evidence at protein level, evidence at transcript level, no evidence, or not avaliable. Read more	Evidence at protein level

SINGLE CELL TYPESⁱ A summary of single cell RNA (NX) from all single cell types. Color-coding is based on cell type groups, each consisting of cell types with functional features in common.
Single cell types Group Expression Alphabetical RNA single cell type specificity: Cell type enhanced (Proximal tubular cells, Hepatocytes, Enterocytes, Urothelial cells)

SINGLE CELL TISSUESⁱ Single cell RNA in cell types from tissue are shown separately for each analyzed tissue. For easier navigation across tissues, use the grey browser on the left side of the window. Barchart shows pTPM levels in each cluster of single cells. To the left, a UMAP plot illustrates the RNA expression profile. The tissue name and plots are clickable and redirect to a more detailed interactive page. Color-coding is based on cell type groups, each consisting of cell types with functional features in common. Please note that the same cell type may be found in several clusters.
Cluster Expression Alphabetical Colon
Cluster Expression Alphabetical Eye
Cluster Expression Alphabetical Heart muscle
Cluster Expression Alphabetical Kidney
Cluster Expression Alphabetical Liver
Cluster Expression Alphabetical Lung
Cluster Expression Alphabetical Pancreas
Cluster Expression Alphabetical Placenta
Cluster Expression Alphabetical Prostate
Cluster Expression Alphabetical Rectum
Cluster Expression Alphabetical Skin
Cluster Expression Alphabetical Small intestine
Cluster Expression Alphabetical Testis

BLOODⁱ

Single cell data

Cluster

Expression

Alphabetical

PBMC

Flow sorted data

Lineage

Expression

Alphabetical

CELL LINESⁱ RNA expression data (NX) of tissue culture cell lines.The analyzed cell lines are divided into 16 color-coded groups according to the organ they were obtained from. Detailed information about a specific cell line is revealed by hovering over the corresponding bar in the chart. The chart is clickable and redirects to more Cell Atlas data. Read more
Organ Expression Alphabetical

Alveolar cells type 1	24 NX
Lung	24 NX

Alveolar cells type 2	26 NX
Lung	26 NX

B-cells	34 NX
Kidney	98 NX
Colon	30 NX
Liver	19 NX

Basal glandular cells	45 NX
Prostate	45 NX

Basal keratinocytes	63 NX
Skin	63 NX

Bipolar cells	0 NX
Eye	0 NX

Cardiomyocytes	5 NX
Heart muscle	5 NX

Cholangiocytes	94 NX
Liver	94 NX

Ciliated cells	20 NX
Lung	20 NX

Club cells	50 NX
Lung	50 NX

Collecting duct cells	45 NX
Kidney	45 NX

Cone photoreceptor cells	0 NX
Eye	0 NX

Cytotrophoblasts	160 NX
Placenta	160 NX

Distal tubular cells	113 NX
Kidney	113 NX

Ductal cells	80 NX
Pancreas	80 NX

Early spermatids	1 NX
Testis	1 NX

Endothelial cells	23 NX
Testis	347 NX
Liver	70 NX
Prostate	35 NX
Skin	26 NX
Placenta	23 NX
Heart muscle	17 NX
Eye	15 NX
Lung	15 NX
Pancreas	0 NX

Enterocytes	458 NX
Small intestine	529 NX
Colon	396 NX
Rectum	233 NX

Erythroid cells	0 NX
Liver	0 NX

Exocrine glandular cells	98 NX
Pancreas	98 NX

Extravillous trophoblasts	5 NX
Placenta	5 NX

Fibroblasts	16 NX
Lung	38 NX
Placenta	21 NX
Prostate	15 NX
Skin	14 NX
Heart muscle	6 NX

Glandular cells	85 NX
Prostate	85 NX

Granulocytes	6 NX
Colon	9 NX
Lung	2 NX

Hepatocytes	810 NX
Liver	810 NX

Hofbauer cells	13 NX
Placenta	13 NX

Horizontal cells	0 NX
Eye	0 NX

Intestinal endocrine cells	12 NX
Colon	14 NX
Rectum	9 NX

Ito cells	35 NX
Liver	35 NX

Kupffer cells	18 NX
Liver	18 NX

Late spermatids	3 NX
Testis	3 NX

Leydig cells	29 NX
Testis	29 NX

Macrophages	3 NX
Kidney	90 NX
Prostate	7 NX
Skin	5 NX
Testis	2 NX
Lung	2 NX
Pancreas	0 NX

Melanocytes	3 NX
Skin	3 NX

Mixed cell types	NX
Pancreas	NX

Mixed immune cells	NX
Heart muscle	NX

Monocytes	3 NX
Pancreas	3 NX

Mucus-secreting cells	129 NX
Colon	249 NX
Small intestine	132 NX
Rectum	127 NX

Muller glia cells	5 NX
Eye	5 NX

Pancreatic endocrine cells	74 NX
Pancreas	73 NX

Paneth cells	144 NX
Colon	610 NX
Small intestine	144 NX
Rectum	72 NX

Peritubular cells	117 NX
Testis	117 NX

Proximal tubular cells	890 NX
Kidney	890 NX

Rod photoreceptor cells	0 NX
Eye	0 NX

Sertoli cells	0 NX
Testis	0 NX

Smooth muscle cells	11 NX
Pancreas	21 NX
Prostate	19 NX
Skin	7 NX
Heart muscle	3 NX

Spermatocytes	1 NX
Testis	1 NX

Spermatogonia	2 NX
Testis	2 NX

Suprabasal keratinocytes	15 NX
Skin	15 NX

Syncytiotrophoblasts	121 NX
Placenta	121 NX

T-cells	13 NX
Kidney	90 NX
Colon	17 NX
Liver	13 NX
Skin	4 NX
Prostate	4 NX
Lung	2 NX

Undifferentiated cells	77 NX
Colon	84 NX
Rectum	77 NX
Small intestine	76 NX

Urothelial cells	385 NX
Prostate	385 NX

Contact

contact@proteinatlas.org

The Project

The Human Protein Atlas

The Human Protein Atlas project is funded
by the Knut & Alice Wallenberg Foundation.